Ukuthwala ibholaUkubekezelelana Kuchazwe

Uyakuqonda ukubekezelelana nokuthi kusho ukuthini ngempela?Uma kungenjalo, awuwedwa.Lezi zivame ukucashunwa kodwa ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokuqonda kwangempela ukuthi zisho ukuthini.Amawebhusayithi anezincazelo ezilula zokubekezelela ayivelakancane kakhulu ngakho sinqume ukugcwalisa igebe.Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi "Mean Bore Deviation" nokuthi "Single Bore Variation" kusho ukuthini ngempela?Qhubeka ufunda njengoba sethemba ukuthi lokhu kuzokucacisa kakhulu.

Ukuchezuka

Lokhu kunquma ukuthi kude kangakanani nobukhulu obujwayelekile, ukulinganisa kwangempela kuvunyelwe ukuba kube.Ubukhulu obujwayelekile yibo obuboniswe kukhathalogi yomkhiqizi isb. u-6200 unebhobo elincane elingu-10mm, u-688 unebhobo elivamile elingu-8mm njll. Imikhawulo yokuchezuka okukhulu kusuka kulobu bukhulu ibaluleke kakhulu.Ngaphandle kwezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe zokubekezelela ama-bearings (i-ISO ne-AFBMA), kungaba kumkhiqizi ngamunye.Lokhu kungasho ukuthi u-oda i-688 bear (8mm bore) ukuze uthole ukuthi ibhorekile engu-7mm futhi ngeke ilingane ku-shaft.Ukubekezelelana kokuchezuka ngokuvamile kuvumela i-bore noma i-OD ukuthi ibe yincane kodwa ingabi nkulu kunobukhulu obuvamile.

Kusho Ukuchezuka kweBore/OD

… noma indiza eyodwa isho ukuchezuka kodayamitha okubhobokile.Lokhu ukubekezelelana okubalulekile uma ubheka ukuhlanganisa eduze indandatho yangaphakathi kanye ne-shaft noma iringi yangaphandle kanye nezindlu.Okokuqala udinga ukuqonda ukuthi i-bearing is not round.Yebo akukude kodwa uma uqala ukukala ngama-microns (izinkulungwane zamamilimitha) uyabona ukuthi izilinganiso ziyahlukahluka.Ake sithathe i-bore ye-bearing engu-688 (8 x 16 x 5mm) njengesibonelo.Kuya ngokuthi uthatha kuphi ukulinganisa kwakho kwendandatho engaphakathi, ungathola ukufundwa kwanoma yikuphi, yithi, phakathi kuka-8mm no-7.991 mm ngakho-ke yini oyithatha njengosayizi webhore?Yilapho Ukuchezuka Okusho ukuthini kungena khona. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha izilinganiso eziningi endizeni eyodwa ye-radial (sizofika kulokho ngomzuzu) ngaphesheya kwebhore noma i-OD ukuze senze isilinganiso sobubanzi baleyo ndingi.

Lo mdwebo umelela iringi engaphakathi.Imicibisholo imelela izilinganiso ezihlukene ezithathwe kubhore ngezindlela ezihlukene ukusiza ukuthola usayizi omaphakathi.Le sethi yezilinganiso ithathwe ngendlela efanele endizeni eyodwa ye-radial okungukuthi endaweni efanayo ngobude bebhore.Amasethi okulinganisa kufanele futhi athathwe ezindizeni ezihlukene zama-radial ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ibhore ingaphakathi kokubekezelelana ngobude bayo.Okufanayo kusebenza ezilinganisweni zendandatho yangaphandle.

Lo mdwebo ukhombisa ukuthi AKUMELE ukwenze kanjani.Isilinganiso ngasinye sithathwe endaweni ehlukile ngobude bendandatho yokuthwala, ngamanye amazwi, isilinganiso ngasinye sithathwe endizeni yomsakazo ehlukile.

Kalula nje, usayizi we-bore omaphakathi ubalwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu lapho kubalwa ukubekezelelwa kwe-shaft kunesilinganiso esisodwa se-bore esingase sidukise.

Ake sithi ukubekezelela ukuchezuka okumaphakathi kwe-P0 kube ngu-+0/-8 microns.Lokhu kusho ukuthi i- mean bore ingaba phakathi kuka-7.992mm no-8.000mm.Umgomo ofanayo uyasebenza eringini yangaphandle.

Ukuchezuka kobubanzi

… noma ukuchezuka kobubanzi bendandatho eyodwa yangaphakathi noma yangaphandle ukusuka kubukhulu obujwayelekile.Ayikho incazelo eningi edingekayo lapha.Njengobukhulu be-bore ne-OD, ububanzi kufanele bulawuleke phakathi kokubekezelelana okuthile.Njengoba ububanzi ngokuvamile abubalulekile kangako, ukubekezelelana kubanzi kune-bearing bore noma i-OD.Ukuchezuka kobubanzi kokuthi +0/-120 kusho ukuthi uma ukala ububanzi bendandatho yangaphakathi noma yangaphandle kunoma iyiphi indawo ezungezile, yithi, i-688 (4mm ububanzi), akumele ibe banzi kuno-4mm (ubukhulu obujwayelekile) noma ibe mncane kuno-3.880mm.

Ukwehluka

Ukubekezelelana kokuhlukahluka kuqinisekisa ukujikeleza.Kulo mdwebo womdwebo omubi-kwe-indandatho engaphakathi engu-688, isilinganiso esikhulu kunazo zonke singu-9.000mm futhi esincane kunazo zonke singu-7.000mm.Uma sibala usayizi webhore elisho (9.000 + 7.000 ÷ 2) siphuma no-8.000mm.Singaphakathi kwesilinganiso sokubekezelelana kokuchezuka kodwa ukuthwala bekungeke kusebenziseke ukuze ubone ukuthi ukuchezuka nokuhlukahluka kungaba yize ngaphandle kokunye.

I-Single Bore/OD Ukuhluka

...noma ngokunembe kakhudlwana, Ukuhlukahluka Kobubanzi Be-Bore/OD Endizeni Eye-Radial Eyodwa (Yebo, manje usuwazi konke mayelana nezindiza zomsakazo owodwa!).Bheka umdwebo ongakwesokunxele lapho izilinganiso ze-bore ziphakathi kuka-8.000mm no-7.996mm.Umehluko phakathi kokukhulu nokuncane kakhulu ngu-0.004mm, ngakho-ke, ukuhluka kwe-bore diameter kule ndiza eyodwa ye-radial, ingu-0.004mm noma ama-microns angu-4.

Kusho Ukuhluka Kwe-Bore/OD Diameter

Kulungile, sibonga ukuchezuka kwe-bore/OD kanye nokuhluka okukodwa kwe-OD/OD, siyajabula ukuthi ukuthwala kwethu kusondele ngokwanele kusayizi olungile futhi kuyindilinga ngokwanele kodwa kuthiwani uma kune-taper eningi kakhulu kubhore noma i-OD njengokujwayelekile umdwebo ongakwesokudla (yebo, unehaba kakhulu!).Yingakho siphinde sibe nemingcele yokuhluka kwe-Bore kanye ne-OD.

Ukuze sithole i- mean bore noma ukuhluka kwe-OD, siqopha isilinganiso se-bore noma i-OD ezindizeni ezihlukene zama-radial bese sihlola umehluko phakathi kokukhulu nokuncane kakhulu.Cabanga ukuthi kwesokunxele lapha, isethi ephezulu yezilinganiso inikeza usayizi we-bore omaphakathi ongu-7.999mm, omaphakathi ngu-7.997mm futhi phansi ngu-7.994mm.Thatha okuncane kakhulu kokukhulu (7.999 -7.994) futhi umphumela ungu-0.005mm.Umehluko wethu ojwayelekile wokubhoboza ama-microns angu-5.

Ukuhlukahluka Kobubanzi

Futhi, kuqondile kakhulu.Ake sicabange ukuthi, ekuthwaleni okuthile, ukuhluka okuvunyelwe kobubanzi kungama-microns ayi-15.Uma ubuzokala ububanzi bendandatho yangaphakathi noma yangaphandle ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ezihlukene, ukulinganisa okukhulu akufanele kube ngaphezu kwama-microns angu-15 esikhulu kunesilinganiso esincane kakhulu.

I-Radial Runout

…yokuhlanganisa iringi yangaphakathi/yangaphandle kungenye ingxenye ebalulekile yokubekezelela.Ake sithi ukuchezuka kwesilinganiso sakho kokubili iringi yangaphakathi nengaphandle kungaphakathi kwemikhawulo futhi ukujikeleza kungaphakathi kokuhluka okuvunyelwe, ngokuqinisekile yilokho kuphela okudingeka sikhathazeke ngakho?Bheka lo mdwebo weringi yangaphakathi ethwele.Ukuchezuka kwe-bore KULUNGILE kanjalo nokuhluka kwe-bore kodwa bheka ukuthi ububanzi bendandatho buhluka kanjani.Njengakho konke okunye, ububanzi bendandatho abufani ncamashi kuzo zonke izindawo ezizungeze isiyingi kodwa ukubekezelelwa kwe-radial runout kubeka ukuthi lokhu kungahluka kangakanani.

Ukuphuma kwendandatho yangaphakathi

… ihlolwa ngokukala wonke amaphuzu endingilizini eyodwa yeringi yangaphakathi ngesikhathi sokuphenduka okukodwa kuyilapho iringi yangaphandle imile futhi ithatha isilinganiso esincane kakhulu kude nesikhulu kunazo zonke.Lezi zibalo ze-radial runout ezinikezwe kumathebula okubekezelela zibonisa ukuhluka okuphezulu okuvunyelwe.Umehluko ekujikeni kweringi lapha uyenziwe ihaba ukuze kucaciswe iphuzu ngokucace kakhudlwana.

Ukuphuma kwendandatho yangaphandle

ivivinywa ngokukala wonke amaphuzu endingilizini eyodwa yeringi yangaphandle ngesikhathi sokuphenduka okukodwa kuyilapho iringi yangaphakathi imile futhi ithatha isilinganiso esincane kunazo zonke kude nesikhulu kunazo zonke.

Ukuphuma kobuso/Ukubhoreka

Lokhu kubekezelela kuqinisekisa ukuthi indandatho yangaphakathi enendayo iseduze ngokwanele ne-engeli elungile enobuso bendandatho yangaphakathi.Izibalo zokubekezelela ukuphuma/ukubhoboza kobuso zinikezwa kuphela ama-bearings we-P5 ne-P4 amamaki anemba.Wonke amaphuzu kusiyingi esisodwa sendandatho yangaphakathi ebhoboze eduze nobuso akalwa ngesikhathi sokuphenduka okukodwa kuyilapho iringi yangaphandle imile.Khona-ke ukuthwala kuyaphendukiswa bese kubhekwa olunye uhlangothi lwebhore.Susa isilinganiso esikhulu kunazo zonke kwesincane ukuze uthole ukugijima kobuso/ukubekezelela kwe-bore bore.

I-Face Runout/OD

… noma ukuhluka kokuthambekela kwe-generatrix yangaphandle enobuso.Lokhu kubekezelela kuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo eyindandatho yangaphandle ethwele isondele ngokwanele kwi-engeli engakwesokudla enobuso bendandatho yangaphandle.Izibalo zokubekezelela ze-face runout/OD zinikezwa amamaki anemba e-P5 ne-P4.Wonke amaphuzu esiyingini esisodwa sendandatho yangaphandle ebhorekile eduze kobuso akalwa ngesikhathi sokuphenduka okukodwa kuyilapho iringi yangaphakathi imile.Khona-ke ukuthwala kuyaphendulwa bese kubhekwa olunye uhlangothi lwendandatho yangaphandle.Susa isilinganiso esikhulu kunazo zonke kwesincane ukuze uthole ukugijima kobuso/ukubekezelelwa kwe-OD.

I-Face Runout/Raceway ifana kakhulu kodwa, esikhundleni salokho, qhathanisa ukuthambekela kwendawo yomjaho wendandatho yangaphakathi noma yangaphandle nobuso bendandatho yangaphakathi noma yangaphandle.