Ngo-January 2000, kwenzeka isenzakalo esibuhlungu ngasogwini lwaseCalifornia.I-Alaska Airlines Flight 261 ibindizela eSan Francisco isuka ePuerto Vallarta, eMexico.Lapho abashayeli bezindiza bebona ukusabela okungalindelekile kwezilawuli zabo zendiza, baqale bazama ukuxazulula izinkinga olwandle ukuze banciphise ubungozi kubantu abaphansi.Ezikhathini zokugcina ezesabekayo, abashayeli bezindiza bazama ngobuqhawe ukundiza indiza ibheke phansi ngemva kokuba isizinzisi esivundlile esingalawuleki sibangele ukuba indiza iphenduke.Bonke ababegibele balahlekile.

Uphenyo lwaqala ngokutholwa kwemfucumfucu, okuhlanganisa nokutholwa kwe-stabilizer evundlile kusukela phansi olwandle.Ngokumangalisayo, ithimba labaphenyi likwazile ukubuyisela amafutha ku-stabilizer jackscrew ukuze ahlaziywe.Ukuhlaziywa kwegrisi, kanye nokuhlolwa kwezintambo ze-jackscrew, kwembula ukuthi isilawuli sokuzinzisa sasilahlekile ngokuphelele njengoba izintambo zisuswa.Imbangela yatholakala njengokungagcobiswa okwanele kwemicu kanye nokuhlolwa kokuhlehliswa kokulungisa, okuhlanganisa ukuguga kokulinganisa emicu.

Phakathi kwezinto okuxoxwe ngazo kulolu phenyo wukushintsha kwamafutha asetshenziswa kujeke.Emlandweni wokusebenzisa lezi zindiza, umenzi wethule omunye umkhiqizo njengogunyazwe ukusetshenziswa, kodwa bekungekho mibhalo yanoma yikuphi ukuhlola ukuhambisana phakathi kwegrisi yangaphambilini nentsha.Nakuba kungeyona into ebambe iqhaza ekuhlulekeni kwe-Flight 261, uphenyo luphakamise ukuthi ukushintshwa komkhiqizo kungadala isimo sokuthambisa okuxubile uma umkhiqizo wangaphambili ungasuswanga ngokuphelele, nokuthi lokhu kufanele kube ukukhathazeka ngemisebenzi yokunakekela yesikhathi esizayo.

Izenzo eziningi zokugcoba azizona izinqumo zokuphila noma ukufa, kodwa uhlobo olufanayo lomonakalo oholele kule nhlekelele lubonakala nsuku zonke ezingxenyeni ezigcotshwe ngamafutha emhlabeni jikelele.Umphumela wokwehluleka kwabo kungaba isikhathi sokuphumula esingalindelekile, izindleko eziphezulu zokunakekela noma izingozi zokuphepha kwabasebenzi.Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuphila kwabantu kungase kube sengozini.Sekuyisikhathi sokuyeka ukuphatha amafutha njengento nje elula edinga nje ukuphonswa emishinini ngezikhathi ezithile okungahleliwe bese uthemba okungcono kakhulu.Ukugcoba ngomshini kufanele kube inqubo ehlelekile futhi ehlelwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile kwempahla kanye nokuzuza impilo ephezulu yezinto zokusebenza.

Ukuthi umgomo wakho wempahla ubalulekile, noma ufuna nje ukwandisa izindleko zokusebenza, lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo zibalulekile ekugcobeni kwamafutha okungenazinkinga:

1. Khetha Igrisi Elungile

"Igrisi igrisi nje."Ukufa kwemishini eminingi kuqala ngalesi sitatimende sokungazi.Lo mbono awusizwa imiyalelo eyenziwe lula kakhulu evela kubakhiqizi bemishini yoqobo.“Sebenzisa izinga elihle likagrisi No. 2” izinga lesiqondiso esinikezwayo kwezinye izinto zokusebenza.Nokho, uma ukuphila kwempahla okungenazinkinga kuyisikhathi eside, khona-ke ukukhethwa kwamafutha kumelwe kuhlanganise i-viscosity yamafutha eyisisekelo efanele, uhlobo lukawoyela oyisisekelo, uhlobo lwe-thickener, ibanga le-NLGI kanye nephakethe lesengezo.

2. Thola Ukuthi Usifaka Kuphi Futhi Kanjani

Ezinye izindawo zomshini zinokufaka okuvelele kwe-Zerk, futhi ukukhetha ukuthi ugcotshwa kuphi futhi kanjani ugrisi kubonakala kusobala.Kodwa ingabe kukhona eyodwa kuphela efanelekayo?Ubaba ungumlimi, futhi lapho ethenga ithuluzi elisha, isinyathelo sakhe sokuqala siwukubukeza imanuwali noma ahlole zonke izingxenye zomshini ukuze athole inani lamaphuzu okugcoba.Ube esedala “inqubo yokugcoba,” ehlanganisa ukubhala inani eliphelele lezinto zokufakwa namacebo lapho okukhohlisayo kufihlwe khona ngomaka unomphela emshinini.

Kwezinye izimo, iphuzu lesicelo lingase lingabonakali noma lingadinga amathuluzi akhethekile wokusetshenziswa okufanele.Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinentambo, njenge-jackscrew okukhulunywe ngayo ngaphambili, ukuthola ukumbozwa okwanele kwemicu kungaba yinselele.Amathuluzi akhona ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukumbozwa okuphelele kwemicu ye-valve stem, isibonelo, engenza umehluko omkhulu.

3. Khetha Ifrikhwensi Elungile

Ngeshwa, izinhlelo eziningi zokulungisa zinquma imvamisa yokugcotshwa kwamafutha ngaphandle kokulula.Kunokuba ucabangele izimo zomshini ngamunye nokuthi igrisi ethile izokwehlisa ngokushesha kangakanani noma ingcoliswe kangakanani, imvamisa ethile ejwayelekile iyakhethwa futhi isetshenziswe ngokulinganayo kubo bonke.Mhlawumbe umzila wenziwa ukugcoba yonke imishini kanye ngekota noma kanye ngenyanga, futhi amashothi ambalwa kagrisi asetshenziswa endaweni ngayinye.Nokho, “usayizi owodwa ulingana konke” akuvamile ukulingana kahle.Amathebula nezibalo zikhona zokukhomba imvamisa elungile ngokusekelwe kujubane nezinga lokushisa, futhi ukulungiswa kungenziwa ngokuya ngezilinganiso zamazinga okungcola nezinye izici.Ukuthatha isikhathi sokusungula bese ulandela isikhawu sokugcotshwa esifanele kuzothuthukisa impilo yomshini.

4. Qapha Ukusebenza Ngempumelelo Kokugcobisa

Uma igrisi elungile isikhethiwe futhi kwathuthukiswa nesimiso sokugcotshwa kabusha esilungiselelwe, kusadingeka ukuthi kuhlolwe futhi kulungiswe njengoba kudingeka ngenxa yokuhluka kwezimo zensimu.Enye indlela yokuhlola ukusebenza kahle kokugcoba ukusebenzisa ukuqapha kwe-ultrasonic.Ngokulalela imisindo ekhiqizwe ukuthintana kwe-asperity ekugcobiseni okungasebenzi kahle kanye nokunquma inani lamafutha adingekayo ukuze ubuyisele i-abheri esimweni sokugcotshwa esilungile, ungenza izinguquko kumanani abaliwe futhi uzuze ukuthambisa okunembayo.

5. Sebenzisa Indlela Efanelekile Yesampula Yokugcoba

Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kokuqapha kwe-ultrasonic, impendulo ekusebenzeni ngempumelelo kokugcoba ingatholakala ngokuhlaziywa kwamafutha, kodwa okokuqala kufanele kuthathwe isampula elimele.Kusanda kwakhiwa amathuluzi amasha nezindlela zokuthatha amasampula amafutha.Nakuba ukuhlaziywa kwamafutha kungenzeki kaningi njengokuhlaziywa kukawoyela, kungase kube nenzuzo ekuqapheni isimo semishini, isimo sokuthambisa nempilo yamafutha.

6. Khetha Isilayidi Esifanelekile Sokuhlola

Ubuningi bempilo yemishini ingafinyelelwa ngokuqinisekisa ukugcotshwa kwamafutha kusebenza ngempumelelo.Lokhu futhi kubangela ukuguga okuncane.Ukutholwa komthamo nezindlela zokugqoka kungakusiza wenze ukulungisa futhi uthole izinkinga kusenesikhathi.Kubalulekile ukuqapha ukungaguquguquki kwamafutha asemsebenzini, njengoba amafutha athambeka kakhulu angaphela emshinini noma ahluleke ukuhlala endaweni yawo.Igrisi eqinisayo inganikeza ukuthambisa okunganele futhi andise umthwalo kanye nokusetshenziswa kukagesi.Ukuxuba amafutha nomkhiqizo ongalungile kungenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokwehluleka.Ukutholwa kwalesi simo kusenesikhathi kungavumela ukuhlanzwa nokubuyiselwa ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke umonakalo omkhulu.Ukuhlolwa kokulinganisa ubungako bomswakama kanye nokubalwa kwezinhlayiyana kugrisi kwenziwe.Ukuwasebenzisa ukuze kuhlonzwe ukungena okungcolile, noma ama-grease angcolile nje, kungaveza ithuba lokunwetshwa kwempilo ngokusebenzisa amagrisi ahlanzekile nezindlela zokuvala ezisebenza kangcono.

7. Sebenzisa Izifundo Ozitholile

Nakuba ngisho nokwehluleka okukodwa kuzisola, kuba kubi nakakhulu uma kuchithwa ithuba lokufunda kukho.Ngivame ukutshelwa ukuthi "asikho isikhathi" sokugcina ama-bearings kanye nokubhala izimo ezitholakalayo kulandela ukwehluleka.Kugxilwe ekubuyiseleni ukukhiqiza.Izingxenye eziphukile zilahlwa noma zifakwe emshinini wokuwasha lapho ubufakazi bokwehluleka bugezwa khona.Uma ingxenye ehlulekile kanye namafutha kungatholakala phansi olwandle, kufanele ukwazi ukulondoloza lezi zingxenye kulandela ukwehluleka kwesitshalo.

Ukuqonda izizathu zokuthi kwenzeke ukwehluleka akuthinti nje ukubuyiselwa komshini kodwa kungaba nomthelela ophindaphindekayo ekuthembekeni nasekuphileni kwezinye izingxenye zebhizinisi lonke.Qinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlaziya ukwehluleka kwembangela yempande kuhlanganisa nokuhlolwa kwezindawo ezithwele, kodwa qala ngokulondolozwa bese ususa ugrisi ukuze uhlaziywe.Ukuhlanganisa imiphumela evela ekuhlaziyweni kwe-lubricant nokuhlaziywa kwe-bearing kuzodala isithombe esibanzi sokwehluleka futhi kukusize unqume ukuthi yiziphi izenzo zokulungisa ezingasetshenziswa ukukuvimbela ukuthi kungenzeki esikhathini esizayo.