Ukwanda kwesidingo sokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka kuyo yonke imboni kusho ukuthi onjiniyela badinga ukucabangela zonke izingxenye zemishini yabo.Amasistimu okuzala ayingxenye ebalulekile emshinini futhi ukwehluleka kwawo kungaba nemiphumela eyinhlekelele nebizayo.Idizayini ene-bearing inomthelela omkhulu ekuthembekeni, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zokusebenza ezimbi kakhulu ezihlanganisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu noma eliphansi, i-vacuum kanye ne-corrod atmosphere.Lesi sihloko siveza ukucatshangelwa okufanele kuthathwe lapho kucaciswa ama-bearings ezindawo eziyinselele, ukuze onjiniyela bakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukwethembeka okuphezulu nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwempilo ende kwezinto zabo zokusebenza.

Isistimu yokuthwala ihlanganisa izakhi eziningi ezihlanganisa amabhola, izindandatho, amakheji kanye nokuthambisa njengesibonelo.Ama-bearings ajwayelekile awavamile ukumelana nobunzima bezindawo ezinokhahlo ngakho-ke ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile kwezingxenye ngazinye kufanele kuthathwe.Izakhi ezibaluleke kakhulu ukugcoba, izinto zokwakha, nokwelashwa okukhethekile kokushisa noma okokuhlanganisa futhi ngokubheka isici ngasinye kusho ukuthi ama-bearings angalungiselelwa kangcono kakhulu isicelo.

Isebenza ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu

Ukushisa okuphezulu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza, njengalezo ezisetshenziswa kumasistimu okusebenza ngaphakathi komkhakha we-aerospace zingaletha izinselele kumabheringi ajwayelekile.Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinga okushisa ayakhuphuka ezintweni zokusebenza njengoba amayunithi eba mancane kakhulu futhi akhuphule ukuminyana kwamandla, futhi lokhu kudala inkinga nge-average bear.

Ukuthambisa

Ukuthambisa kuwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile lapha.Uwoyela namafutha anamazinga okushisa aphezulu okusebenza lapho azoqala khona ukuwohloka futhi ahwamuke ngokushesha okuholela ekuhlulekeni kokuthwala.Amafutha ajwayelekile avame ukukhawulelwa ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu elicishe libe ngu-120°C kanti amanye amagrisi avamile okushisa ayakwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa elifinyelela ku-180°C.

Kodwa-ke, ezinsizeni ezidinga amazinga okushisa aphakeme ngisho nangaphezulu amagrisi okugcoba ayi-fluorinated ayatholakala futhi amazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-250°C angafinyeleleka.Lapho ukuthambisa okuwuketshezi kungenakwenzeka, ukuthambisa okuqinile kuyinketho evumela ukusebenza okuthembekile kwesivinini esiphansi emazingeni okushisa aphakeme ngisho nangaphezulu.Kulokhu i-molybdenum disulphide (MOS2), i-tungsten disulphide (WS2), i-graphite noma i-Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) iyatuswa njengezithambisi eziqinile njengoba ingakwazi ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu isikhathi eside.

Izinto zokwakha

Uma kuziwa emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-300°C indandatho ekhethekile nezinto zebhola ziyadingeka.I-AISI M50 iyinsimbi yokushisa ephezulu evame ukutuswa njengoba ibonisa ukuguga okuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokukhathala emazingeni aphezulu okushisa.I-BG42 enye insimbi yokushisa ephezulu enokuqina okuhle kokushisisa ku-300°C futhi ivame ukucaciswa njengoba inamazinga aphezulu okumelana nokugqwala futhi ayingenwa kalula ukukhathala nokuguga emazingeni okushisa adlulele.

Amakheji okushisa aphezulu nawo ayadingeka futhi angahlinzekwa ngezinto ze-polymer ezikhethekile ezihlanganisa i-PTFE, i-Polyimide, i-Polyamide-imide (PAI) ne-Polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK).Ukuze izinga lokushisa eliphezulu uwoyela lubricated izinhlelo ezithwala amakheji kungabuye ekhiqizwa ngethusi, ithusi noma isiliva-plated steel.

Izembatho nokwelashwa kokushisa

Izembatho ezithuthukisiwe kanye nokwelashwa okungaphezulu kungasetshenziswa kuma-bearings ukulwa nokungqubuzana, ukuvimbela ukugqwala nokunciphisa ukuguga, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kokuthwala emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.Isibonelo, amakheji ensimbi angafakwa ngesiliva ukuze athuthukise ukusebenza nokuthembeka.Endabeni yokwehluleka kwamafutha / indlala, isiliva-plating isebenza njenge-lubricant eqinile, okuvumela ukuthwala ukuthi kuqhubeke nokusebenza isikhathi esifushane noma esimweni esiphuthumayo.

Ukuthembeka ekushiseni okuphansi

Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesikali, amazinga okushisa aphansi angaba yinkinga kuma-bearings avamile.

Ukuthambisa

Ezinhlelweni zokushisa eziphansi, isibonelo izinhlelo zokumpompa i-cryogenic ezinamazinga okushisa endaweni -190°C, ukugcotshwa kukawoyela kuba yingcina okuholela ekuhlulekeni kokuzala.Ukuthambisa okuqinile okufana ne-MOS2 noma i-WS2 kulungele ukuthuthukisa ukwethembeka.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza, imidiya ephonswayo ingasebenza njenge-lubricant, ngakho-ke ama-bearings adinga ukulungiselelwa ngokukhethekile ukuze asebenze kulawa mazinga okushisa aphansi kusetshenziswa izinto ezisebenza kahle nabezindaba.

Izinto zokwakha

Into eyodwa engase isetshenziselwe ukuthuthukisa impilo yokukhathala kanye nokumelana nokuguga yi-SV30® – i-martensitic through-hardened, high nitrogen, steel resistant corrosion.Amabhola e-Ceramic nawo ayanconywa njengoba eletha ukusebenza okuphezulu.Izakhiwo zemvelo zemishini zisho ukuthi zihlinzeka ngokusebenza okuhle kakhulu ezimeni zokuthambisa ezingezinhle, futhi ifaneleka kangcono kakhulu ukusebenza ngokuthembekile emazingeni okushisa aphansi.

Okubalulekile kwekheji kufanele futhi kukhethwe ukuthi kungagugi ngangokunokwenzeka futhi izinketho ezinhle lapha zifaka i-PEEK, i-Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) namapulasitiki e-PAI.

Ukwelashwa kokushisa

Izindandatho kufanele ziphathwe ngokushisa ngokukhethekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kwe-dimensional emazingeni okushisa aphansi.

Idizayini yangaphakathi

Okunye okucatshangelwayo ngokusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphansi ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwebhere.Ama-bearings aklanywe ngezinga lokudlala kwe-radial, kodwa njengoba izinga lokushisa liyancipha, izingxenye ezithwalayo ziba nokufinyela okushisayo futhi nenani lokudlala kwe-radial liyancishiswa.Uma izinga lokudlala kwe-radial lehla liye kuqanda ngesikhathi sokusebenza lokhu kuzoholela ekuhlulekeni kokuthwala.Amabherethi ahloselwe ukusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kufanele aklanywe ngokudlala ngemisebe eyengeziwe emazingeni okushisa angaphakathi ukuze avumele izinga elamukelekayo lokudlala kweradial emazingeni okushisa aphansi.

Ukuphatha ingcindezi ye-vacuum

Ezimweni ze-vacuum eziphezulu kakhulu njengalezo ezikhona ekukhiqizeni izinto zikagesi, ama-semiconductors nama-LCD, ingcindezi ingaba ngaphansi kuka-10-7mbar.Ama-vacuum bearings aphezulu kakhulu asetshenziswa emishinini yokuvula ngaphakathi endaweni yokukhiqiza.Olunye uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-vacuum olujwayelekile amaphampu e-turbomolecular (TMP) akhiqiza i-vacuum yezindawo zokukhiqiza.Kulesi sicelo sakamuva ama-bearings avame ukudingeka ukuze asebenze ngesivinini esikhulu.

Ukuthambisa

Ukugcoba kulezi zimo kubalulekile.Kuma-vacuum aphezulu kangako, ama-grease okugcoba ajwayelekile ayahwamuka futhi aphinde aphume, futhi ukuntuleka kokugcobisa okusebenzayo kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kokuthwala.Ngakho-ke i-lubrication ekhethekile idinga ukusetshenziswa.Ezindaweni ezinevacuum ephezulu (kuze kufike ku-10-7 mbar) amagrisi e-PFPE angasetshenziswa njengoba enokumelana okuphezulu kakhulu nokuhwamuka.Ezimweni ze-vacuum ephezulu kakhulu (10-9mbar nangaphansi) izithambisi eziqinile nezimbotshana kufanele zisetshenziswe.

Ezindaweni ze-vacuum eziphakathi nendawo (ezizungeze i-10-2mbar), ngokuklama ngokucophelela nokukhetha okukhethekile kwamafutha e-vacuum, amasistimu athwala aletha izikhathi zokuphila ezinde zamahora angu-40,000 (cishe iminyaka eyi-5) yokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo, futhi asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu, okuzuziwe.

Ukumelana nokugqwala

Amabhere okuhloswe ngawo ukusetshenziswa endaweni ebolayo adinga ukulungiselelwa ngokukhethekile njengoba engase achayeke kuma-asidi, ama-alkali namanzi anosawoti phakathi kwamanye amakhemikhali aqala ukugqwala.

Izinto zokwakha

Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ziwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kwezindawo ezonakalisayo.Izinsimbi ezithwalayo ezijwayelekile zigqwala kalula, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kokuthwala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.Kulokhu, indandatho ye-SV30 enamabhola e-ceramic kufanele ibhekwe njengoba imelana kakhulu nokugqwala.Eqinisweni, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi impahla ye-SV30 ingahlala isikhathi eside izikhathi eziningi kunezinye insimbi ezikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala endaweni yesifutho sikasawoti.Ezivivinyweni ezilawulwayo zesifutho sikasawoti i-SV30 insimbi ibonisa kuphela izimpawu ezincane zokugqwala ngemva kwamahora angu-1,000 okuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti (bona igrafu 1) kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kwe-SV30 kubonakala ngokucacile emasongweni okuhlola.Izinto ezikhethekile zebhola le-ceramic ezifana ne-Zirconia ne-Silicon Carbide nazo zingasetshenziswa ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokwandisa ukumelana kwe-bearings ezintweni ezigqwalayo.

Ukuthola okwengeziwe ekugcotshweni kwemidiya

Indawo yokugcina eyinselelo izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho imidiya isebenza njengezithambisi, isibonelo iziqandisi, amanzi, noma uketshezi olunamanzi.Kuzo zonke lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ukucatshangelwa, futhi i-SV30 - i-ceramic hybrid bearings ivame ukutholakala ukunikeza isisombululo esisebenzayo nesithembekile.

Isiphetho

Izindawo eziyingozi kakhulu ziletha izinselelo eziningi zokusebenza kuma-bearings ajwayelekile, ngaleyo ndlela zibangele ukuthi ahluleke ngaphambi kwesikhathi.Kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza kufanele zilungiswe ngokucophelela ukuze zifanele inhloso futhi zilethe ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu okuhlala isikhathi eside.Ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka okuphezulu kwama-bearings ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ku-lubrication, izinto zokwakha, izigqoko ezingaphezulu nokwelashwa kokushisa.